Computer graphics

Computer graphics are visual representations and manipulations of image data by computers. Some primary applications of computer graphics include:

2D computer graphics - Raster and vector images, illustrations, typography, graphical user interfaces
3D computer graphics - 3D modeling, animation, rendering, simulation, video games
Image processing - Digital image editing, photo manipulation, computational photography
Information visualization - Charts, diagrams, scientific visualization, data representation

Major techniques in computer graphics include:

Rasterization - Rendering vector art into pixel raster images
3D rendering - Creating 3D photorealistic imagery through methods like ray tracing
Procedural generation - Algorithmic synthesis of textures, landscapes, motion graphics
Animation - Techniques for generating motion and interactivity

Notable pioneers in computer graphics include Ivan Sutherland, Ed Catmull, Jim Blinn, and Pierre Bézier. Computer graphics rely on disciplines like geometry, physics, numerical analysis, and perception. Advancements are driven by areas like gaming, film, industrial design, and visualization.